Economy

The measurement of non-market output, characterised by providing goods and services without economically significant prices, has always proved challenging for compilers of the National Accounts. Various approaches are available to meet these challenges, often resulting in slight differences in methodology between countries. Government policies, introduced in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated some of these existing differences, potentially influencing the GDP estimates across countries. This joint paper by the United Kingdom Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) explains the methodological options available to statistical compilers and explores differences in methodologies used by countries to measure non-market output, analysing their implications for international comparisons of GDP growth during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dans le cadre de sa mission de développement de la compétitivité et de la croissance des entreprises françaises de l’industrie et des services, la Direction générale des entreprises s’est associée à la Direction des sports pour réaliser une étude à finalité prospective, portant sur la fabrication et la distribution d’articles et d’équipements sportifs en France. Cette réflexion s’articule autour de quatre principaux objectifs: 1. Caractériser les industries du sport sous un angle quantitatif (données économiques, évolutiondes pratiques, etc.) et qualitatif (élaboration de typologies, positionnement des acteurs, etc.) et développer une double approche "Demande" et "Offre" à finalité prospective: a) comprendre les pratiques, besoins et attentes de la clientèle et identifier des gisements de marché potentiels; b) identifier les facteurs clés de succès des entreprises et analyser leurs perspectives et trajectoires d’évolution. 2. Établir une synthèse des enjeux et des opportunités des marchés du sport et mettre en regard les forces et faiblesses des industriels français. 3. Identifier des orientations stratégiques et opérationnelles permettant de dynamiser le secteur et soutenir le développement des fabricants et distributeurs français, aussi bien sur le territoire national qu’à l’étranger. 4. Élaborer des recommandations opérationnelles et pragmatiques à destination des professionnels et des pouvoirs publics visant à faciliter leur mise en oeuvre et à accompagner les acteurs dans leurs démarches d’adaptation et d’innovation.

CEPII presents growth scenarios for 128 countries to 2050, based on a three-factor production function that includes capital, labour and energy. CEPII improves on the literature by accounting for the energy constraint through dynamic modelling of energy productivity, and departing from the assumptions of either a closed economy or full capital mobility by applying a Feldstein-Horioka-type relationship between savings and investment rates.
Results suggest that, accounting for relative price variations, China could account for 28% of the world economy in 2050, which would be much more than the United States (14%), India (12%), the European Union (11%) and Japan (3%). They suggest also that China would overtake the United States around 2025 (2035 at constant relative prices). However, in terms of standards of living, measured through GDP per capita in purchasing power parity, only China would be close to achieving convergence to the US level, and only at the end of the simulation period.

The EUISS has conducted a wide-ranging exercise to detect the long-term trends, factors and actors shaping the global environment of European integration - The New Global Puzzle. This Report illustrates the evolution of the key structural factors affecting change over the two decades to come - demography, the economy, energy, the environment, science and technology - and addresses some of the main questions concerning the future of the international system. The Report also includes seven regional outlooks exploring prospective developments of relevance to the European Union in Russia/Eurasia, the Middle East and North Africa, Sub-Saharan Africa, the United States, China, India and Latin America.

Many critical junctures can be envisaged over the decades to come, from energy supply shocks to environmental catastrophes, from renewed confrontation between large state powers to a systemic breakdown of the Middle East. The development of the European Union into a fully-fledged global actor requires a shared assessment of the future challenges, threats and opportunities with which it will be confronted, and of the best options to drive, as opposed to endure, change.

This Report argues that the biggest challenge confronting the EU will be to reconcile the emerging multipolar international system with a sustainable, effective multilateral order. The Report is intended as a first step in paving the way towards further reflection on the future position and role of the EU in the world. Both experts and the policy-making community, at the European and national levels, need to engage in this debate with a view to defining common, effective responses to tomorrow's challenges.

The TREND COMPENDIUM 2030 is a global trend study compiled by Roland Berger Strategy Consultants. It describes seven megatrends that will shape the world over the next 20 years. All trends have a broad impact on how we do business – Therefore, Roland Berger experts have identified corporate actions that companies must take today. The study also takes a look at how we will live in 2030.

Roland Berger experts first screened all relevant trend, scenario and future studies worldwide. Then they verified, analyzed and consolidated the results, using them to define seven megatrends. They next broke down the seven megatrends into 21 subtrends, looking at each from a global perspective and the viewpoints of industrialized and developing countries. Finally, they identified corporate actions that companies worldwide should consider taking today.

Following the executive summary and an introduction in chapters A and B, chapter C presents all trends and corporate actions in detail, while chapter D gives you an idea of life in 2030. In addition, every chapter presents the most important sources, organizations and indicators to help you keep track of the changes in the world as well as dig deeper into the trends presented.